Ramanlal vasantlal desai biography of barack
Ramanlal Desai
Indian Gujarati language writer
Ramanlal Vasantlal Desai (12 May – 20 September ) was an Indian Gujarati language writer. He is considered as an important figure of the Gujarati literature as well as Gujarati novel writing.
He wrote 27 novels, among which, Bharelo Agni and Gramalakshmi are considered to be his magnum opus. His other notable and massive work is Apsara, essays divided in five volumes which is based on the life of prostitutes. He was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in
Life
Desai was born on 12 May in Sinor, a village located on the bank of Narmada river to Vasantlal and Manibai.
He is considered as an important figure of the Gujarati literature as well as Gujarati novel writing. He wrote 27 novels, among which, Bharelo Agni and Gramalakshmi are considered to be his magnum opus. His other notable and substantial work is Apsara, essays divided in five volumes which is based on the life of prostitutes. He was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak inHis family was a native of Kalol of Panchmahal district. His father Vasantlal was agnostic in essence while his mother Manibai was vaishanva and religious. Vasantlal ran a Gujarati magazine, Deshbhakta[1] (Lit.
The Patriot). Beside the printing house of his father Vasantlal, there was a book shop which provided him books for reading during his school existence. Desai studied until sixth typical at his uncle's home in Shinor and then moved to Vadodara in and was admitted in the Branch School.
He was engaged to Kailasvati at age of eight and they married in [2]
He matriculated in and shifted to Vadodara college where he failed in Mathematics both in the first year and inter year exams. He used to discuss with friends about topics like Socialism, Communism and marriage and delivered lectures on these topics.
His poem Shu Karu? (Lit. What should I do?) was published in a college magazine and later published in his poetry collection Niharika. He passed B.A. in with the first rank and was selected as a fellow. He wrote a play entitled Samyukta which was staged at Gujarati Sahitya Parishad held at Surat in He completed Master of Arts in with English and Gujarati literature.
He could not get second rank and thus he could not fulfill his dream to be a professor. He joined Shri Sayaji High School as a instructor, and few months later, in November , he was appointed the head clerk in the Baroda State, where he later held various positions before retiring in He died on 20 September due to heart failure.[2]
Desai was the president of Pragatishil Sahitya Mandal and also of the Baroda Sahitya Sabha in [3]
His son, Akshay Desai, was a renowned Indian sociologist.[4][5]
Works
Desai was the contemporary of Gujarati novelists K M Munshi and Dhumketu.
Desai is mostly known for his novels depicting the Gujarati middle class life and characters.
Akshay Ramanlal Desai : Biography and Contributions: Ramanlal Vasantlal Desai (– 20 September ) was an Indian Gujarati language journalist. He is considered as an important figure of the Gujarati literature as well as Gujarati novel writing.He has also written short stories, plays, poems, character-sketches, travelogues, historical essays, literary criticism and autobiography.
Samyukta, a play, was the first literary writing of Desai. His first novel Thaug () was serialised in Navagujarat, a Gujarati magazine.[6]
- Novels
Desai had written 27 novels.
Jayanta was his first novel to be published in book establish . His last novel Aankh ane Anjan was published posthumously in All of his novels can be divided in three groups. The first group, contains 8 novels, is based on historical and mythological themes.
The second group of 12 novels deals with the social life of Gujarat and the ideas and activities of Mahatma Gandhi. The third group, consists of 7 novels published after , influenced by Marxist ideology.[6] He serialised all his novels in periodicals.
After G. M. Tripathi, Desai was the first Gujarati novelist who wrote his novels with historical events that shaped the contemporary milieu. He deeply studied about particular historical era before writing these novels and he also visited some places, which is depicted in these novels, so that he could document an authentic description of the places.
Desai's novels reflect the ideas and thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi, though he had never met Gandhi. He depicted the spirit of the days of freedom struggle of India.[7]
His novels, which have historical or imaginary themes, include Bharelo Agni (), Kshitij Vol.
1‐2 (, ), Thug (), Pahadna Pushpo Vol. 1‐2 (, ), Kalbhoj (), Shauryatarpan (), Balajogan () and Shachi Pulomi (), among which Bharelo Agni, is considered to be Desai's magnum opus, dealing with the Indian Rebellion of [8]
Sirisha (), Kokila (), Divyachakshu () and Gramalakshmi (Vol.
, ) are considered as his major novels which deal with Gandhian themes like Indian independence movement, the removal of untouchability, the uplift of woman, the reconstruction of rural India, the Swadeshi Movement, non-violent resistance and other things which Gandhi had preached and practised.[8] But Desai is also acclaimed for his social novels, which are characterised by human emotions like adore, hate, compassion, revenge, tolerance and impatience with the social, economic and political problems of his days.
Through his social novel, Desai suggests that these problems can be solved by accompanying the Gandhian ideals. His novel Divyachakshu () presents the documentary picture of the days of freedom struggle with the backdrop of triangular love story.
Purnima () is a story of young girl who was driven to prostitution by her elders and the circumstances. Gramalakshmi Vol. () is considered as his most expensive as well as the most idealistic novel.
He is considered as an crucial figure of the Gujarati literature as well as Gujarati novel writing. He wrote 27 novels, among which, Bharelo Agni and Gramalakshmi are considered to be his magnum opus. His other notable and massive work is Apsaraessays divided in five volumes which is based on the life of prostitutes. He was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak inConsisting of pages, it deals with almost every conceivable ill of the rural society. His other social novels are Sirisha (), Hridayanatha (), Bamsari (), Patralalasa (), Snehayajna (), Sobhana () and Hridayavibhuti ().[6]
During the later years of his existence, Desai moved towards Marxism and wrote novels based on it like Chhayanat (), Jhanjhavat Vol.
1‐2 (, ), Pralay () Saundaryajyot (), Snehasrishti (), Trishanku () and Aankh ane Anjan ().[8]
- Others
His play Samyukta () was followed by Sankita Hridaya (), Anjani (), Pari Ane Rajakumar (), Gramaseva (), Tapa Ane Rupa (), Pushponi Shrishtima (), Uskerayelo Atma (), Kavidarshan (), Baiju Bavaro () and Videhi ().
The first three and Gramaseva are full length plays while the rest are small plays and one-act plays. These plays have played an essential role in the development of the Gujarati theatre.[6] In his play Sankit Hriday,[9]Jayshankar Sundari played a role.[10]
He wrote about limited stories but, as the Encyclopedia of Indian Literature noted, he has not been able to contribute substantially to the maturation of Gujarati short stories.
Because he wrote most of the short stories for popular periodicals of his era. His concise stories have been collected in some volumes including Jhakal (), Pankaja (), Rasabindu (), Kanchan ane Geru (), Divadi (), Bhagyachakra (), Sati ane Svarga (), Dhabakata Haiya () and Hirani Chamak ().[6]
Desai wrote his autobiography under the titles Gaikal () and Madhyahan Na Mrigjal ().[8]
His work Apsara () in five volumes is a analyze of the life of prostitutes.[11]
Translations and adaptations
Desai's novels Kokila, Divya Chakshu and some other books were translated into Hindi, Marathi and in other Indian languages.
The Hindi film Kokila, directed by Sarvottam Badami, was based on Desai's novel by matching name. His other novel Purnima was also adapted into the film.[3][12]
Recognition
Vishwanath Bhatt, a Gujarati critic, considered Desai as the 'Yugamoorti Vartakar' (the novelist who reflects an age).[13] Desai was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in for his contribution in Gujarati literature.
He also received Hargovinddas Kantawala Prize for his novel Divya Chakshu.[3][12]
References
- ^Dr. Sanjay Kachot (14 May ). 19 Mi Sadinu Gujarati Patrakaratva Pravaho ane Prabhav (in Gujarati).
RED'SHINE Publication. Inc. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 18 September
- ^ abMehta, Dipak (). Joshi, Ramanlal (ed.). Ramanlal V. Desai. ગુજરાતી ગ્રંથકાર શ્રેણી [Gujarati Men of Letters Series].
Ahmedabad: Kumkum Publication. pp.&#;10–
- ^ abcPatel, G. D., ed. (). "XV: Education and Culture". Gazetteer of India, Gujarat Declare (Panchmahals District).
Ahmedabad: Government of India. p.&#;
- ^"About Kaumudi Munshi". The Life and Art of Kaumudi Munshi. Retrieved 18 September
- ^"A.R Desai Sociology, Indian Thinkers".
. Retrieved 18 September
- ^ abcdeAmaresh Datta (). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo.Category: Literature. Ramanlal Desai was a Gujarati penner who lived during the period, 12 May - 20 September He was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in Desai is good recognized as a Gujarati novelist, who published 27 novels in total.
New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 19 September
- ^Bhatt, Avnessh (). "Chapter 1". R V Desai's Bharelo Agni: English Translation of the Gujarati Text with a Critical Introduction (PhD). Rajkot: Saurashtra University.
hdl/
- ^ abcdGeorge, K. M. (). Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: Surveys and poems.
Ramanlal Desai was a Gujarati writer who lived during the period, - 20 September He was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in Desai is well recognized as a Gujarati novelist, who published 27 novels in total.
New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 18 September
- ^R. K. Yajnik ().He is considered as an important figure of the Gujarati literature as well as Gujarati novel writing. He wrote 27 novels, among which, Bharelo Agni and Gramalakshmi are considered to be his magnum opus. His other notable and massive operate is Apsaraessays divided in five volumes which is based on the life of prostitutes. He was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in
The Indian Theatre. Modern York: Haskell House Publishers Ltd. p.&#; GGKEY:WYN7QH8HYJB. Retrieved 18 September
- ^Director of the Center for Asian Studies and Professor Department of Asian Studies Kathryn Hansen; Kathryn Hansen (December ).
Stages of Life: Indian Theatre Autobiographies. London: Anthem Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 18 September
- ^Nalini Natarajan; Emmanuel Sampath Nelson (). Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India.
London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 19 September
- ^ abGujarat (India) (). Gujarat Mention Gazetteers: Panchmahals. Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State.
p.&#;
- ^Maharashtra (India) ().
Ramanlal Vasantlal Desai, was a famous litterateur, whose novels motivated Gujarati youth in the thirties to undertake rural dcvclopmcnt work for social transformation.
Maharashtra State Gazetteers: General Series. Vol.&#;VI. Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications. p.&#; Retrieved 20 April