Biography of jack kilby

Jack Kilby was an American electronic engineer who received the Nobel Prize for his invention of the integrated circuit. Know more about his life and profile with this biography.

Jack Kilby

American electrical engineer (–)

Not to be confused with Jack Kirby.

Jack St. Clair Kilby (8 November - 20 June ) was an American electrical engineer who took part, along with Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor, in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in [1]:&#;22&#; He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics on 10 December [2]

Kilby was also the co-inventor of the handheld calculator and the thermal printer, for which he had the patents.

He also had patents for seven other inventions.[3]

Early life

Jack Kilby was born in in Jefferson City, Missouri, to Hubert and Vina Freitag Kilby. Both parents had Bachelor of Science degrees from the University of Illinois.

His father was a manager at a local utility business. Kilby grew up and attended school in Great Bend, Kansas, graduating from the Great Curve High School. Today road signs at the entrances to the town commemorate his time there, and the Commons Area at Great Bend High School has been named The Jack Kilby Commons Area.

Kilby received his Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, where he was an honorary member of Acacia Fraternity.

The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded "for basic work on information and communication technology" with one half jointly to Zhores I. Alferov and Herbert Kroemer "for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics" and the other half to Jack S. Kilby "for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit".

In , he received a degree in electrical engineering. He earned his Master of Science in electrical engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Extension in Milwaukee.

Career

Kilby was necessary to the invention of the integrated circuit.

In mid, as a newly employed engineer at Texas Instruments (TI), he did not yet have the right to a summer vacation. Kilby spent the summer working on the problem in circuit plan that was commonly called the "tyranny of numbers", and he finally came to the ending that the manufacturing of circuit components en masse in a single piece of semiconductor material could provide a solution.

On September 12, he presented his findings to company's management, which included Mark Shepherd. He showed them a piece of germanium with an oscilloscope attached, pressed a switch, and the oscilloscope showed a continuous sine wave, proving that his integrated circuit worked, and thus that he had solved the problem.[4] U.S.

Patent 3,, for "Miniaturized Electronic Circuits", the first integrated circuit, was filed on February 6, [5] It was notable for having different components (transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors, etc.) on one single substrate.[1]:&#;22&#; Along with Robert Noyce (who independently made a similar circuit a few months later), Kilby is generally credited as co-inventor of the integrated circuit.

Jack Kilby went on to pioneer military, industrial, and commercial applications of microchip technology. He headed teams that created the first military system and the first computer incorporating integrated circuits.

Jack St. Clair Kilby 8 November - 20 June was an American electrical engineer who took part, along with Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductorin the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments TI in Kilby was also the co-inventor of the handheld calculator and the thermal printerfor which he had the patents. He also had patents for seven other inventions.

He invented the handheld calculator (along with Jerry Merryman and James Van Tassel[6]).

In , he took a leave of absence from TI to serve as an independent inventor. He explored, among other subjects, the use of silicon technology for generating electrical power from sunlight.

From to , he held the position of Distinguished Professor of Electrical Engineering at Texas A&M University.

In , Kilby retired from Texas Instruments.

Legacy

He died of cancer June 20, , at the age of 81, in Dallas, Texas.[7]

On December 14, , Texas Instruments created the Historic TI Archives.

The Jack Kilby family donated his personal manuscripts and his personal photograph collection to Southern Methodist University (SMU). The collection will be cataloged and stored at DeGolyer Library, SMU.

In , the SMU School of Engineering, with the DeGolyer Library and the Library of Congress, hosted a year-long celebration of the 50th anniversary of the birth of the digital age with Kilby's Nobel Prize-winning invention of the integrated circuit.

Symposia and exhibits examined the many ways in which technology and engineers shaped the modern world. Kilby held an honorary doctorate of science from SMU and was a longtime associate of SMU through the Kilby Foundation.

Awards and honors

A statue of Jack Kilby stands in Texas Instruments Plaza on the campus of The University of Texas at Dallas.[8]

Recognition of Kilby's outstanding achievements have been made by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), including the election to IEEE Fellow in , the IEEE David Sarnoff Award in ,[9] co-recipient of the first IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award in ,[10] the IEEE Centennial Medal in and the IEEE Medal of Honor in [11] He was co-recipient of the Franklin Institute’s Stuart Ballantine Medal in [12] In and , he received the Holley Medal from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).[13] He was elected to member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in [14] and received the Academy's Vladimir K.

Zworykin Award in Kilby received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement in [15] and was co-recipient of the first NAE's Charles Stark Draper Prize in [16] The Kilby Award Foundation was founded in in his honor, and the IEEE Jack S.

Kilby Signal Processing Medal was created in He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in [17]

Kilby was awarded the Stibitz-Wilson Award from the American Computer & Robotics Museum in [18]

Kilby is also the recipient of the America's most prestigious honors in science and engineering: the National Medal of Science in , and the National Medal of Technology in In , he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

In , he was awarded the Kyoto Prize by the Inamori Foundation. He was awarded both the Washington Award, administered by the Western Society of Engineers and the Eta Kappa Nu Vladimir Karapetoff Award in In , Kilby was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his breakthrough discovery, and delivered his personal view of the industry and its history in his acceptance speech.[19]

Kilby was awarded nine honorary doctorate degrees from universities including Southern Methodist University, the University of Miami, University of Illinois, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Texas A&M University, Yale and Rochester Institute of Technology.

The National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) in Taiwan awarded Kilby with a certificate of Honorary Professorship in

The Kilby Labs, TI's research laboratory for silicon manufacturing and integrated circuit design, is named after him.

The Jack Kilby Computer Centre at the Merchiston Campus of Edinburgh Napier University in Edinburgh is also named in his honor.[20]

See also

References

  1. ^ abHarper, Charles A., ed.

    ().

    Jack Kilby | Nobel Prize-Winning Engineer & Inventor | Britannica: Jack St. Clair Kilby (8 November - 20 June ) was an American electrical engineer who took part, along with Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor, in the realization of the first integrated circuit while operational at Texas Instruments (TI) in

    Electronic materials and processes handbook. McGraw-Hill handbooks (3&#;ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN&#;.

  2. ^The Nobel Prize in Physics
  3. ^"The Chip that Jack Built". IT Invention. Retrieved 27 May
  4. ^Das, Saswato R.

    (). "Opinion: The chip that changed the world". The New York Times.

  5. ^"The Nobel Prize in Physics ". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved
  6. ^Stengle, Jamie (7 March ). "Jerry Merryman, co-inventor of handheld electronic calculator, dies at 86".

    The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 March

  7. ^John Markoff (June 22, ). "Jack S. Kilby, an Inventor of the Microchip, Is Dead at 81".

    Ina little-known engineer at Texas Instruments completed a humble experiment that would shape the electronics landscape for decades to come. Jack St. Clair Kilby successfully miniaturized a complete electronic circuit onto a tiny chip no larger than a pencil eraser. This revolutionary invention, the integrated circuit, paved the way for modern computing technology as we know it.

    New York Times. Retrieved 9 January

  8. ^"What's the Story? The TI Plaza Statue".
  9. ^"IEEE David Sarnoff Award Recipients"(PDF). IEEE. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 19, Retrieved December 6,
  10. ^"IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award Recipients"(PDF).

    IEEE. Retrieved December 6,

  11. ^"IEEE Medal of Honor Recipients"(PDF).

    Electrical engineer Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit, also famous as the microchip. A microchip is a set of interconnected electronic components such as transistors and resistors that are etched or imprinted onto a tiny chip of a semiconducting material, such as silicon or germanium. The microchip shrunk the size and cost of making electronics and impacted the future designs of all computers and other electronics. The first successful demonstration of the microchip was on September 12,

    IEEE. Archived from the original(PDF) on Retrieved December 6,

  12. ^"Franklin Laureate Database – Stuart Ballantine Medal Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived from the imaginative on Retrieved December 6,
  13. ^"Holley Medal".

    American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Retrieved December 6,

  14. ^"NAE Members Directory – Mr. Jack S. Kilby". National Academy of Engineering. Retrieved December 6,
  15. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement".

    . American Academy of Achievement.

  16. ^"Recipients of The Charles Stark Draper Prize". National Academy of Engineering.

    His father was an executive with the Kansas Power Company. Kilby traveled with his father during vacations and learned that cost was an important variable in engineering solutions, a lesson he kept with him all his experience. Aware that he wanted to be an engineer by the time he was in lofty school, he studied engineering at the University of Illinois. His college studies were interrupted by military service during World War II, when he worked in an army radio repair shop in India.

    Retrieved December 6,

  17. ^"APS Member History". . Retrieved
  18. ^"Stibitz-Wilson Awards ".
  19. ^Nobel Prize acceptance speech
  20. ^"School of Computing – Facilities & Resources".

    Edinburgh Napier University. Retrieved July 24,

References bibliography

  • Berlin, LeslieThe man behind the microchip: Robert Noyce and the invention of Silicon Valley Publisher Oxford University Press US, ISBN&#;
  • Lécuyer, Christophe.

    Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of Tall Tech, Published by MIT Press, ISBN&#;

  • Nobel lectures, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore,

External links