Louis papineau biography

Louis-Joseph Papineau

Lower Canada politician, lawyer, and seigneur

For the 20th-century Canadian parliamentarian, see Louis-Joseph Papineau (Beauharnois, Quebec politician).

Louis Joseph Papineau

Born( )October 7,

Montreal, Province of Quebec

Died September 23, () (aged&#;84)

Montebello, Quebec, Canada

NationalityLower Canadian
Occupation(s)Lawyer, Member of Provincial Parliament, Speaker of the House of Assembly

Louis-Joseph Papineau (French pronunciation:[lwiʒozɛfpapino]; October 7, – September 23, ), born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation.

Louis Joseph Papineau, 85 - Yucaipa, CA - Reputation ...: Louis-Joseph Papineau (French pronunciation: [lwi ʒozɛf papino]; October 7, – September 23, ), born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation.

He was the public figure of the reformist Patriote movement before the Lower Canada Rebellion of – His father was Joseph Papineau, also a politician in Quebec. Papineau was the eldest of eight children[1] and was the grandfather of the journalist Henri Bourassa, founder of the newspaper Le Devoir.

Childhood and education

Papineau was described as an energetic child. He first studied in Montreal, at the Collège Saint-Raphaël from onwards, then at the Petit Séminaire de Québec, from to [2] His arrival at the Petit Séminaire de Québec was highly anticipated, and his reputation preceding him.

Upon graduation, he began an apprenticeship under his father with the goal of becoming a blacksmith, but this was rapidly abandoned when the young Papineau turned to law, joining his cousin Denis-Benjamin Viger.[1] Viger "was for a time the assembly's agent in London and became one of Papineau's prominent supporters and close friends, but after the rebellion, he was to follow Lafontaine."[3]

Papineau's later childhood was mainly spent on the seigniory of la Petite Nation, located on the Ottawa river, which was purchased by his father in from the Quebec Seminary.[3] During his time spent at the seigniory of La Petite-Nation, Papineau was sent to examine at the College Saint-Raphaël in Montreal, where he rebelled and was forced to leave college.

He was then sent to study at the Petit Seminaire de Québec, where he completed his secondary studies.[3]Jérôme Demers was among his teachers.[4][5]

In Papineau was elected member of parliament for Kent (now Chambly, Quebec) before being admitted to the Prevent of Lower Canada in Later, he served as a militia officer in the War of [6]

In , he was sent to London with John Neilson to present a petition of 60, signatures against the Union project.

While in the Merged Kingdom, he was replaced by Joseph-Rémi Vallières de Saint-Réal as Speaker.

In , he was chosen leader of the Patriotes, a reformed and more extreme Parti Canadien. In , he sponsored a law which granted full equivalent political rights to Jews, 27 years before anywhere else in the British Empire.

The events that led to Jews receiving full citizenship rights in Lower Canada in advance of other nations or territories in the British Dominion were due to the involvement of one Ezekiel Hart, a Jew who had proved his dedication to the burgeoning Canadian individuality by raising money to help troops in Lower Canada to help in defence against Joined States invasion from the south.

Papineau was part of the committee that wrote the Ninety-Two Resolutions passed by the Legislative Assembly on February 21, The resolutions called for an elected Legislative Council and an Executive Council responsible before the dwelling of the people's representatives.

Speaker of the Legislative Assembly

Papineau was elected Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada on January 21, The same year, he replaced Pierre-Stanislas Bédard as leader of the Parti Canadien. Under his leadership, the party worked for the reform of Lower Canada's political institutions and strongly opposed the abuses of the appointed Legislative Council.

In , he refused a position on the Legislative Council offered by governor Dalhousie.

Leader of the Patriotes

The British government eventually responded to the 92 Resolutions by issuing ten resolutions of their own, the Russell Resolutions (named after the Home Secretary, Lord John Russell).

Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 9, Retrieved January 09, from Encyclopedia. Then, copy and paste the chat into your bibliography or works cited list.

The British government rejected all of the 92 Resolutions. After the arrival of the Russell Resolutions in Bring down Canada on March 6, , Papineau led the movement of protest and participated in numerous popular assemblies. He led the committee that organized the boycott of essentially all British imports to Lower Canada.

On November 15, he created the Conseil des Patriotes with Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan. He and O'Callaghan fled Montreal for Saint-Denis-sur-Richelieu on November 16, after governor Lord Gosford ordered their arrest and that of 25 other Patriot leaders.

Papineau and O'Callaghan went to the home of Wolfred Nelson. He crossed the United States border on November

In exile

On February 8, , he departed to leave New York Metropolis for Paris where he hoped to get France involved.

In May, he published the Histoire de l'insurrection du Canada (History of the insurrection in Canada) in the magazine Progrès. Despite meeting with influential politicians such as Lamartine and Lamennais, the France of Louis-Philippe also remained neutral.

After his wife left in "he spent a enormous part of his leisure in the main archival repositories in Paris, where he copied documents relating to French rule in Canada".[7]

His role in the rebellions against British rule forced him into a period of exile, during which he visited Italy and Switzerland.

In , three years after he was granted amnesty by the colonial government, he returned to Montreal in what was now the merged Province of Canada.[3]

Return to politics

In , he was elected member of the new united Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in the riding of Saint-Maurice.

In severe disagreement with the emerging French Canadian Liberal Party, he sat as an independent member. A convinced republican after a long exile in the United States and France, Papineau supported the Montreal Annexation Manifesto that called for Canada to join the United States of America.[8][9]

Papineau, along with John Molson Jr., the son of John Molson, and Horatio Gates, served as the first Vice-Presidents of the Montreal Mechanics' Institute.

He participated in the creation of the Parti rouge. He was defeated in but elected in a by-election in He did not present himself again in the elections of He retired from public life and reappeared only once to carry a conference at the Institut Canadien de Montréal in December He died at his manor in Montebello, Quebec near the modern Château Montebello on September 23,

Memorials

Both Papineau's manor residence in Montebello and his dwelling in Montreal are National Historic Sites,[10][11] and both are units of the national park system.

The one in Montreal, designated in , is closed to the public, but the Montebello property, designated in , is open seasonally, from May to October. Papineau, himself, was named a National Historic Person in A federal plaque reflecting that status was finally unveiled in , with plans to install it at Montebello.

On October 21, , a monument to his memory was unveiled at Saint-Denis-sur-Richelieu by Quebec Premier Pauline Marois.

Papineau is commemorated by a public artwork installed in the metro station, Papineau that serves the street named for his father Joseph Papineau.[12] L'École Secondaire Louis-Joseph Papineau in Montreal was named after him.[13][14]

Family

Papineau married Julie Bruneau in Quebec Capital on April 29, Together, they had nine children .[15][16]

  • Amédée Papineau (–)
  • Didier Papineau (–);
  • Lactance Papineau (–)
  • Arthur Papineau (–);
  • Aurelie Papineau (–);
  • Ézilda Papineau (–) – had dwarfism, did not have any children and stayed all her life in Quebec;
  • Gustave Papineau (–);
  • Charles Papineau (–);
  • Azélie Papineau (–) – married the painter and architect Napoléon Bourassa (–), mother of Henri Bourassa, a famous journalist.

Bibliography

Main article: Bibliography of Louis-Joseph Papineau

  • "A Chronology of the Life of Louis-Joseph Papineau", Manoir-Papineau National Historic site of Canada, Parks Canada
  • Ouellet, Fernand ().

    "Papineau, Louis-Joseph". In Hayne, David (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol.&#;X (–) (online&#;ed.).

    Louis-Joseph Papineau was a French-Canadian radical political leader. He played a major role in the events foremost to the Rebellion of in Lower Canada, although he took no part in the rebellion itself. Louis-Joseph Papineau was born on Oct. He was educated at the Seminary of Quebec and then read law.

    University of Toronto Press.

  • Fernand Ouellet. "Louis-Joseph Papineau: A Divided Soul", in Canadian Historical Association, 11, Ottawa,
  • James Marsh. Papineau, Louis-Joseph, in the Canadian EncyclopediaArchived at the Wayback Machine
  • Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan.

    "A Biographical Sketch of the Hon. Louis Joseph Papineau, Speaker of the House of Assembly of Lower Canada", in Sentinel, Saratoga Springs,

  • Gustave Proulx. Le Combat Magnifique: Louis-Joseph Papineau.

    Montréal: Les Presses de "La Presse", p. Without ISBN

  • Thomas Storrow Brown. "Brief sketch of the life and times of the late Hon. Louis-Joseph Papineau", in New Dominion Monthly, , January , 20 pages
  • Johnny-Normand Pickering [-LeBlanc]: Le Mémorial Papineau, Éditions du Fleuve, Montréal, [17]

Artworks

Paintings

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, beau-père de l'artiste, , x ,9&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[18]

Alfred Boisseau, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[19]

Charles Alexander Smith, L'Assemblée des six comtés à Saint-Charles-sur-Richelieu en , , Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[19]

Lithography

Gerome Fassio, adapted from Antoine Maurin, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , lithography, 37,8 x 30,7&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[20]

Sculptures

Louis-Philippe Hébert, adapted from Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , &#;28,8 x 14 x 11,5&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[21]

Louis-Philippe Hébert, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , &#;75 x 28 x 24&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[22]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , &#;72 x 60,4 x 13,1&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[23]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , 48 x 37 x 10&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[24]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , 48 x 37 x 10&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[25]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , 58 x 45,5 x 10&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[26]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , 58 x 45,5 x 10&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[27]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , 48 x 37 x 10&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[28]

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, , 47 x 36 x 10&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[29]

Photography

Thomas Coffin Doane, Louis-Joseph Papineau, Daguerréotype, c.

He was the leader of the reformist Patriote movement before the Lower Canada Rebellion of — His father was Joseph Papineaualso a politician in Quebec. Papineau was the eldest of eight children [ 1 ] and was the grandfather of the journalist Henri Bourassafounder of the newspaper Le Devoir. Papineau was described as an energetic child.

, Library and Archives Canada, reference #

Jules-Isaïe Benoît, dit Livernois, Louis-Joseph Papineau. Photographie d'un tableau de Théophile Hamel, , Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[30]

Unknown, Louis-Joseph Papineau, de l'album Eugène-Hamel, circa , 9,8 x 5,1&#;cm and; 7,8 x 4,6&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[31]

Henri-Napoléon Grenier, Louis-Joseph Papineau, de l'album de collection dit de Napoléon Garneau, , 10,2 x 6,3&#;cm; and 9,5 x 5,9&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[32]

Unknown, Le Musée du manoir Papineau, à Montebello, circa , 25,3 x 30,3&#;cm and 16,3 x 21,3&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[33]

Photo-engraving

Napoléon Bourassa, Louis-Joseph Papineau, circa , 13,5 x 9&#;cm and 38,1 x 29,2&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[34]

Drawing

Jobson Paradis, La Chapelle funéraire Papineau, Montebello, circa , 23,4 x 28,6&#;cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Québec.[35]

Note

The Art works section was copied and adapted from the French Wikipedia page of Louis-Joseph Papineau .

Watch that page's history for attribution.

Archives

There is a Papineau family collection at Library and Archives Canada.[36] There is also a Papineau family fonds at Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec.[37]

See also

References

  1. ^ abOuellet, Fernand ().

    Louis-Joseph Papineau: A Divided Soul. Canadian Historical Association. p.&#;6.

  2. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau", "Biography". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec.
  3. ^ abcdOuellet, Fernand ().

    Louis-Joseph Papineau: A Divided Soul. Canadian Historical Association.

  4. ^"Demers, Jérôme". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Retrieved 22 June
  5. ^Galarneau, Claude[in French].

    "Jérôme Demers". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 22 June

  6. ^Bothwell, Bob (). Penguin History of Canada. Penguin Canada. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  7. ^Ouellet, Fernand ().

    Louis-Joseph Papineau: A Divided Soul. Canadian Historical Association. p.&#;

  8. ^Gough, Barry M. (28 October ). Historical Dictionary of Canada. Scarecrow Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    Retrieved 6 July

  9. ^Ouellet, Fernand (). "Papineau, Louis-Joseph". In Hayne, David (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol.&#;X (–) (online&#;ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  10. ^Louis-Joseph Papineau.

    Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved August 1,

  11. ^Manoir Papineau. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved August 1,
  12. ^"Station Papineau". Metro Montreal. Retrieved 15 May
  13. ^Soucy, Yves (4 June ).

    "L'école Louis-Joseph-Papineau fête ses ans". LeDroit. Retrieved 15 May

  14. ^"Famille de Louis-Joseph Papineau". Bibliothèque nationale du Québec. Government of Quebec. Retrieved December 31,
  15. ^Parks Canada Agency, Government of Canada ().

    "The Papineau family – Manoir Papineau National Historic Site". . Retrieved

  16. ^" French website on M Papineau's family". Archived from the original on Retrieved
  17. ^Pickering Leblanc, J.-Normand ().

    Le mémorial Papineau (in French). Montréal: Éditions du Fleuve. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;

  18. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau, beau-père de l'artiste - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  19. ^ ab"Louis-Joseph Papineau.

    D'après une photographie - Boisseau, Alfred". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  20. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Fassio, Gerome, d'après Antoine Maurin". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  21. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Hébert, Louis-Philippe, d'après Napoléon Bourassa".

    Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  22. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Hébert, Louis-Philippe". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  23. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ.

    Jump to the biography. He was a politician who himself became a seigneur by purchasing from the seminary of Quebec part of the seigneury of Petite-Nation on 19 June and the remaining section on 15 March This acquisition, which was to verify profitable, improved the social status of the Papineau family and coincided with the rise of the liberal professions in French Canadian society. The family was, after all, perhaps the most powerful institution in French Canadian society.

    Retrieved

  24. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  25. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  26. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon".

    Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  27. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  28. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon".

    Collections | MNBAQ.

    PAPINEAU, LOUIS-JOSEPH, lawyer, seigneur, politician; b. 7 Oct. at Montreal, son of Joseph Papineau* and Rosalie Cherrier; d. 23 Sept. at Montebello, Que., and was buried there in the family mausoleum five days later.

    Retrieved

  29. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  30. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau. Photographie d'un tableau de Théophile Hamel - Livernois, Jules-Isaïe Benoît, dit".

    Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  31. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau, de l'album Eugène-Hamel - Inconnu". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  32. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau, de l'album de collection dit de Napoléon Garneau - Grenier, Henri-Napoléon".

    Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  33. ^"Le Musée du manoir Papineau, à Montebello - Inconnu".

    Louis-Joseph Papineau was a politician who was the radical leader of the French Canadians in Reduce Canada (now Quebec) in the period preceding an unsuccessful revolt against the British government in

    Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  34. ^"Louis-Joseph Papineau - Bourassa, Napoléon". Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved
  35. ^"La Chapelle funéraire Papineau, Montebello - Paradis, Jobson".

    Collections | MNBAQ. Retrieved

  36. ^"Papineau family collection, Library and Archives Canada". 25 November Retrieved September 17,
  37. ^"Papineau family fonds, Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec".

    Retrieved September 17,

External links